With only less than 1000 days for implementing the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) left, the debate about post-2015 global development agenda now is gradually heating, with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that proposed by Co... [FULL TEXT]

I. Rationale for Cooperation and for a Focus on AfricaSouth Africa is highly interested in support for its African agenda, which inter alia is hoped to help foster infrastructure on the continent, as well as push for development progress th... [FULL TEXT]

I. Increasing InfluenceThe rapidly changing Africa has attracted growing interest of Brazil. During the presidency of Lula (2003-2010) 17 new Brazilian embassies were opened in Africa giving Brazil official representation in 37 of the 54 Af... [FULL TEXT]

I. HistoryAfrica and Russia have a long history of friendship going back to the days of the Soviet Union, which shrank pitifully during the 1990s. The collapse of the Soviet Union broke most of Russia’s ties with African countries. Re... [FULL TEXT]

I. Brazilian Foreign Policy to Africa under LulaIn his inauguration speech in January 2003, President Lula da Silva (2003-2010) mentioned his interest in strengthening the deep bonds between Brazil and the African continent, in order to hel... [FULL TEXT]

Literature Review on Investments and TradeWorld trade and investment have grown rapidly in recent decades, driven by the growth of major emerging markets. According to the Department for Business Innovation and Skills, certain aspects of th... [FULL TEXT]

The relations between Africa and China have experienced an extremely fast-growing period since the beginning of this century, and its speed is quite rare in history. As for the unique close political ties, it has been a 22 years long tradit... [FULL TEXT]

Global warming and the resulting climate change present the world with major and potentially devastating challenges. They lead to environmental degradation/scarcity and a radical reform of the energy mix among industrial countries, in addit... [FULL TEXT]

Now, after South Sudan’s independence in July 2011, swift diplomatic recognition by China and the formal opening of Juba’s embassy in Beijing in April 2012, China-South Sudan relations are topical. Taking a step back from the he... [FULL TEXT]

Low Key RelationsThe old Sudan was among the first countries to recognize the People’s Republic of China in 1959. Relations increased after President Jaafar Nimeiri (1969-1985) visited China in 1970. During the visit, he asked for hel... [FULL TEXT]